动词的过去分词变化规则:
1、一般在动词原形后加-ed 原形。
2、以-e结尾的动词直接加-d。
3、以辅音字母加y结尾的动词,变y为i, 再加-ed。
4、以元音字母加y结尾的词,直接加-ed。
5、末尾只有一个辅音字母的重读闭音节词,双写该辅音字母,再加-ed。
扩展资料
过去分词的变化规则:一般在动词原形后加ed;以e结尾的动词直接加d;以辅音字母加y结尾的词,直接加ed。
分规则变化和不规则变化两种。不规则变化需逐个记忆,规则变化遵循以下原则:
(1)一般情况下,在动词后加ed构成:work/worked,stay/stayed,shout/shouted等。
(2)在以-e结尾动词后只加d:close/closed,like/liked,live/lived,smile/smiled等。
(3)以辅音字母加y结尾的动词,应将y改为i再加-ed:study/studied,carry/carried等。
(4)以重读闭音节或r音节结尾且末尾只有一个辅音字母动词,要双写末尾的辅音字母再加-ed:stop/stopped,admit/admitted,refer/referred,prefer/preferred等。
【注】(1)以字母l结尾的动词,若末尾一个音节为重读音节,则必须双写l再加-ed,如control/controlled,但若末尾一个音节为非重读音节,则可双写l(英国英语)或不双写l(美国英语),如travel/travel(l)ed。
(2)动词picnic(野餐)的过去式和过去分词是picnicked,不是picniced。
(3)词尾-ed读音规则是:在清辅音后读作[t],元音和浊辅音后读作[d],在辅音[t]或[d]后读作[id]。
双写加ed的动词过去式是英语动词过去式的一种变化规则。
双写加ed的动词过去式有以下情况:
一、以重读闭音节结尾且末尾只有一个辅音字母,双写最后的辅音字母+ed。
例如:patted(拍打,轻敲), quitted(放弃,停止),stopped(停止), begged(乞讨,乞求), spotted(发现),planned(计划)等。这些都是单音节的词,单音节的词要重读,而且都是”一个元音+一个辅音“,都属于重读闭音节词,所以都双写尾字母+ed。
二、两个音节的词第二个音节重读,而且第二个音节都是”一个元音+一个辅音“,所以第二个音节属于重读闭音节,因此这些词都双写尾字母+ed。
例如: referred(参考),regretted(后悔,遗憾),admitted (承认,允许),permitted(许可,允许)等。
双写加ed的动词过去式常见的词有:
admit --- admitted
beg ---- begged
drip ---- dripped
dot ---- dotted
drop ---- dropped
一、定义不同
动词的过去式是一个动词,单独作谓语。不能与助动词、情态动词连用。它的词性与动词的第三人称单数一样。 动词的过去式可分为规则动词和不规则动词。
规则动词的过去式变化如下:
1、一般情况下,动词词尾加 -ed ,如:worked played wanted acted
2、以不发音的 -e 结尾动词,动词词尾加 -d,如:lived moved decided declined hoped judged raised wiped
3、以辅音字母 + y结尾的动词,把-y变为-i 再加-ed,如:studied tried copied justified cried carried embodied emptied
4、以一个辅音字母结尾的重读闭音节动词,双写词尾辅音字母,再加 -ed,如:stopped begged fretted dragged dropped planned dotted dripped
5、不规则动词的过去式变化规律性不强,须多加记忆。
go - went,make - made, get - got ,buy - bought ,come - came ,fly-flew ,is/am-was, are-were ,see-saw ,bring-brought,do-did,teach-taught, think-thought, are-were, say-said,sit-sat. 动词过去分词与动词过去式的区别是词性不同、用法不同、应用场合不同。
1、词性不同:动词的过去式是一个动词,单独作谓语;动词的过去分词是动词的一种非谓语形式,也叫非限定性动词。
例句:
(1)The library is now closed. 图书馆关门了。(过去分词作表语)
(2)I had a word with Julia this morning.今天早晨,我跟朱莉娅说了几句话。(过去式表示过去习惯性、经常性的动作)
序号 汉语 原形 过去式 过去分词
A B C 形式
1 喝 drink drank drunk
2 摇铃,打电话 ring rang rung
3 唱歌 sing sang sung
4 游泳 swim swam swum
5 开始 begin began begun
6 落下 fall fell fallen
7 生长 grow grew grown
8 知道 know knew known
9 放飞 fly flew flown
10 吹动,吹奏 blow blew blown
11 拿,取 take took taken
12 犯错误 mistake mistook mistaken
13 驾驶 drive drove driven
14 写 write wrote written
15 上升 rise rose risen
16 骑 ride rode ridden
17 说 speak spoke spoken
18 打破 break broke broken
19 醒 wake woke woken
20 忘记 forget forgot forgotten
21 选择 choose chose chosen
22 吃 eat ate eaten
23 给 give gave given
24 看见 see saw seen
25 做 do did done
26 画 draw drew drawn
27 躺 lie lay lain
28 出示 show showed shown
29 去 go went gone
30 穿 wear wore worn
31 是 am ,is was been
32 是 are were been
A A C 形式
1 打,敲 beat beat beaten
A B A 形式
1 来 come came come
2 成为 become became become
3 跑 run ran run
A B B 形式
1 带来 bring brought brought
2 打架,打仗 fight fought fought
1 想 think thought thought
2 购买 buy bought bought
3 教 teach taught taught
4 捉住 catch caught caught
5 卖 sell sold sold
6 告诉 tell told told
7 说 say said said
8 付款 pay paid paid
9 派遣 send sent sent
10 把….. 借给 lend lent lent
11 花费 spend spent spent
12 建设 build built built
13 烧 burn burnt burnt
14 学 learn learnt/learned learnt/learned
15 意思 mean meant meant
16 感觉 feel felt felt
17 闻 smell smelt smelt
18 睡觉 sleep slept slept
19 扫地 sweep swept swept
20 保持 keep kept kept
21 丢失 lose lost lost
22 得到 get got got
23 做 sit sat sat
24 挖 dig dug dug
25 获胜 win won won
26 遇见 meet met met
27 有 have had had
28 制作 make made made
29 握住,举行 hold held held
30 站 stand stood stood
31 明白 understand understood understood
32 听写 hear heard heard
33 发现 find found found
34 工作 work worked worked
35 呆在 stay stayed stayed
36 发生 happen happened happened
37 喜欢 like liked liked
38 打扰 trouble troubled troubled
39 希望 hope hoped hoped
40 学习 study studied studied
41 运送 carry carried carried
42 试 try tried tried
43 哭 cry cried cried
44 担忧 worry worried worried
45 停止 stop stopped stopped
46 掉落 drop dropped dropped
47 喜欢 prefer preferred preferred
48 旅行 travel traveled traveled
49 使用 use used used
50 住 live lived lived
51 匆忙 hurry hurried hurried
52 能 can could
53 可以 may might
54 必须 must must
55 将 shall should
56 将 will would
57 挂,掉着 hang hung hung
hanged hanged
58 照耀,发光 shine shone shone
A A A 形式
1 让 let let let
2 花费,值 cost cost cost
3 放 put put put
4 读 read read read
5 切割 cut cut cut
6 击中 hit hit hit
7 伤害 hurt hurt hurt 不规则动词过去式和过去分词
A. 原型,过去式, 和 过去分词 完全不同
drink---drank----drunk ring----rang-----rung swim----swam----swum sing----sang----sung
sink----sank----sunk blow----blew----blown grow----grew----grown know---knew---known
fly ----flew----flown take----took----taken shake----shook----shaken drive----drove----driven
write---wrote---written rise---rose---risen ride----rode----ridden speak----spoke----spoken
steal----stole----stolen break----broke----broken wake----woke----woken freeze----froze----frozen
forget----forgot----forgotten choose----chose----chosen draw----drew----drawn eat----ate----eaten
fall----fell----fallen give----gave----given hide----hid----hidden see----saw----seen
do----did----done
B. 过去式与过去分词完全相同
bright----brought----brought think----thought----thought fight----fought----fought buy----bought----bought
catch----caught----caught sell----sold----sold tell----told----told say----said----said
pay----paid----paid send----sent----sent lend----lent----lent spend----spent----spent
burn----burnt----burnt learn----learnt----learnt mean----meant----meant feel----felt----felt
smell----smelt----smelt sleep----slept----slept sweep---slept----slept leave----left----left
build----built----built lose----lost----lost get----got----got meet----met----met
sit----sat----sat shoot----shot----shot lead----led----led spit----spat----spat
have----had----had hold----held----held make----made----made stand----stood---stood
hear----heard----heard find----found----found dig----dug----dug shine----shone----shone
understand----understood----understood win----won----won
C.原型与过去分词相同
come----came----come run----ran----run become----became----become
D.原形与过去式和过去分词完全相同
cast----cast----cast cut----cut----cut put----put----put let----let----let set----set----set
hit----hit----hit shut----shut----shut
hang----hung----hung 吊,挂 lie---lied---lied 说谎 lie---lay---lain 躺下,位于,平放
hanged----hanged 处绞刑 lay---laid---laid 置放。
动词 过去式
be (am\ is) was
are were
come came
go went
do (does) did
fly flew
draw drew
make made
sing sang
have (has) had
eat ate
drink drank
put put
let let
read read
can could
see saw
meet met
get got
forget forgot
take took
can could
may might
shall should
will would
know knew
begin began
bend bent
build built
spend spent
mean meant
learn learnt learned
buy bought
think thought
teach taught
catch caught
sleep slept
sweep swept
keep kept
speak spoke
ride rode
feel felt
leave left
give gave
run ran
ring rang
sit sat
swim swam
say said
stand stood
tell told
throw threw
win won
write wrote
不规则动词的过去式的构成
1.把动词原形中的i改为a,变成过去式。如:
begin—began,drink—drank,give—gave,ring—rang,sing—sang,sit—sat,swim—swam
2.把重读开音节中的i改为o,变成过去式。如:
drive—drove,ride—rode,write—wrote
3.改动词原形中的aw /ow为ew,变成过去式。如:
draw—drew,grow—grew,know—knew,throw—threw(动词show除外,show—showed)
4.动词原形中的e改为o,变成过去式。如:
get—got,forget—forgot
5.动词原形中的ee改为e,变成过去式。如:
feed—fed,meet—met
6.动词原形中的eep改为ept,变成过去式。如:
keep—kept,sleep—slept,sweep—swept
7.动词原形中的eak改为oke,变成过去式。如:
break—broke,speak—spoke
8.动词原形中的ell改为old,变成过去式。如:
sell—sold,tell—told
9.动词原形中的an改为oo,变成过去式。如:
stand—stood,understand—understood
10.以ought和aught结尾,且读音是〔 :t〕的过去式。如:
bring—brought,buy— bought,think—thought,catch—caught,teach—taught
11.以ould结尾且读音为〔ud〕的情态动词过去式。如:
can—could,shall—should,will—would
12.把动词原形中的o改为a,变成过去式。如:
come—came,become—became
13.在动词原形后加d或t变成过去式,并且发生音变。如:
hear〔hi 〕—heard〔h :d〕, say〔sei〕—said〔sed〕,mean〔mi:n〕—meant〔ment〕
14.动词的过去式与动词原形一样。如:
let—let,must—must,put—put,read—read〔red〕
15.不符合上述规律的动词过去式。如:
am,is—was,are—were,build—built,do—did,eat—ate,fall—fell,feel—felt,find—found,fly—flew,go—went,have /has— had,hold—held,leave—left,make—made,may—might,run—ran,see—saw,take—took
不规则动词过去式和过去分词巧记方法
动词的过去式和过去分词是初中英语教学中的重点,而有些动词的不规则变化是这些重点中的难点,但这些不规则变化也不是毫无规律可循的。现将初中英语中一些常用的不规则动词变化介绍如下。
一、原形、过去式和过去分词的词形和读音都相同的单词,结尾字母一般是t或d。如:
cut-cut-cut, hit-hit-hit, put-put-put, cost-cost-cost, let-let-let, shut-shut-shut, set-set-set, hurt-hurt-hurt, spread-spread-spread
特殊:动词read的过去式和过去分词虽然词形与原形一致,read-read-read,但发音分别是[ri:d]-[red]-[red]。
二、有些动词的过去分词与原形是一样的。如:
come-came-come, become-became-become, run-ran-run, overcome-overcame-overcome
三、有些动词的过去式和过去分词相同。如:
1. 把单词结尾的字母d改为t。如:
lend-lent-lent, spend-spent-spent, send-sent-sent
2. 改变单词中间元音字母。如:
sit-sat-sat, win-won-won, shine-shone-shone, hold-held-held
3. 以eep结尾的动词,把eep改为ept。如:
keep-kept-kept, sleep-slept-slept, sweep-swept-swept
4. 过去式和过去分词都以augh或ough结尾的动词。如:
buy-bought-bought, fight-fought-fought, think-thought-thought, bring-brought-brought, teach-taught-taught, catch-caught-caught
5. 有的以ay结尾的动词,在过去式和过去分词中把ay变成aid。如:
say-said-said, lay-laid-laid, pay-paid-paid
6. 另有一些其它形式的变化。如:have-had-had, learn-learnt-learnt, leave-left-left, lose-lost-lost, make-made-made, meet-met-met, feel-felt-felt
四、有些动词原形中含有字母i,在过去式中变i为a,在过去分词中变i为u。如:
五、以字母ow或aw结尾的动词,在变成过去式时,通常把元音字母变成e,在变成过去分词时,通常只在词尾加n。如:
blow- blew- blown, draw-drew-drawn, grow-grew-grown, throw-threw-thrown, know-knew-known
六、有些动词的过去分词是在原形词尾加n或en,变成以en结尾的单词。如:
rise-rose-risen, give-gave-given, take-took-taken, fall-fell-fallen, drive-drove-driven, eat-ate-eaten
特殊: write-wrote-written, speak-spoke-spoken, ride-rode-ridden, get-got-gotten
动词的过去分词变化规则:
1、一般在动词原形后加-ed 原形。
2、以-e结尾的动词直接加-d。
3、以辅音字母加y结尾的动词,变y为i, 再加-ed。
4、以元音字母加y结尾的词,直接加-ed。
5、末尾只有一个辅音字母的重读闭音节词,双写该辅音字母,再加-ed。
扩展资料
过去分词的变化规则:一般在动词原形后加ed;以e结尾的动词直接加d;以辅音字母加y结尾的词,直接加ed。
分规则变化和不规则变化两种。不规则变化需逐个记忆,规则变化遵循以下原则:
(1)一般情况下,在动词后加ed构成:work/worked,stay/stayed,shout/shouted等。
(2)在以-e结尾动词后只加d:close/closed,like/liked,live/lived,smile/smiled等。
(3)以辅音字母加y结尾的动词,应将y改为i再加-ed:study/studied,carry/carried等。
(4)以重读闭音节或r音节结尾且末尾只有一个辅音字母动词,要双写末尾的辅音字母再加-ed:stop/stopped,admit/admitted,refer/referred,prefer/preferred等。
【注】(1)以字母l结尾的动词,若末尾一个音节为重读音节,则必须双写l再加-ed,如control/controlled,但若末尾一个音节为非重读音节,则可双写l(英国英语)或不双写l(美国英语),如travel/travel(l)ed。
(2)动词picnic(野餐)的过去式和过去分词是picnicked,不是picniced。
(3)词尾-ed读音规则是:在清辅音后读作[t],元音和浊辅音后读作[d],在辅音[t]或[d]后读作[id]。
双写加ed的动词过去式是英语动词过去式的一种变化规则。
双写加ed的动词过去式有以下情况:
一、以重读闭音节结尾且末尾只有一个辅音字母,双写最后的辅音字母+ed。
例如:patted(拍打,轻敲), quitted(放弃,停止),stopped(停止), begged(乞讨,乞求), spotted(发现),planned(计划)等。这些都是单音节的词,单音节的词要重读,而且都是”一个元音+一个辅音“,都属于重读闭音节词,所以都双写尾字母+ed。
二、两个音节的词第二个音节重读,而且第二个音节都是”一个元音+一个辅音“,所以第二个音节属于重读闭音节,因此这些词都双写尾字母+ed。
例如: referred(参考),regretted(后悔,遗憾),admitted (承认,允许),permitted(许可,允许)等。
双写加ed的动词过去式常见的词有:
admit --- admitted
beg ---- begged
drip ---- dripped
dot ---- dotted
drop ---- dropped
一、定义不同
动词的过去式是一个动词,单独作谓语。不能与助动词、情态动词连用。它的词性与动词的第三人称单数一样。 动词的过去式可分为规则动词和不规则动词。
规则动词的过去式变化如下:
1、一般情况下,动词词尾加 -ed ,如:worked played wanted acted
2、以不发音的 -e 结尾动词,动词词尾加 -d,如:lived moved decided declined hoped judged raised wiped
3、以辅音字母 + y结尾的动词,把-y变为-i 再加-ed,如:studied tried copied justified cried carried embodied emptied
4、以一个辅音字母结尾的重读闭音节动词,双写词尾辅音字母,再加 -ed,如:stopped begged fretted dragged dropped planned dotted dripped
5、不规则动词的过去式变化规律性不强,须多加记忆。
go - went,make - made, get - got ,buy - bought ,come - came ,fly-flew ,is/am-was, are-were ,see-saw ,bring-brought,do-did,teach-taught, think-thought, are-were, say-said,sit-sat. 动词过去分词与动词过去式的区别是词性不同、用法不同、应用场合不同。
1、词性不同:动词的过去式是一个动词,单独作谓语;动词的过去分词是动词的一种非谓语形式,也叫非限定性动词。
例句:
(1)The library is now closed. 图书馆关门了。(过去分词作表语)
(2)I had a word with Julia this morning.今天早晨,我跟朱莉娅说了几句话。(过去式表示过去习惯性、经常性的动作)
序号 汉语 原形 过去式 过去分词
A B C 形式
1 喝 drink drank drunk
2 摇铃,打电话 ring rang rung
3 唱歌 sing sang sung
4 游泳 swim swam swum
5 开始 begin began begun
6 落下 fall fell fallen
7 生长 grow grew grown
8 知道 know knew known
9 放飞 fly flew flown
10 吹动,吹奏 blow blew blown
11 拿,取 take took taken
12 犯错误 mistake mistook mistaken
13 驾驶 drive drove driven
14 写 write wrote written
15 上升 rise rose risen
16 骑 ride rode ridden
17 说 speak spoke spoken
18 打破 break broke broken
19 醒 wake woke woken
20 忘记 forget forgot forgotten
21 选择 choose chose chosen
22 吃 eat ate eaten
23 给 give gave given
24 看见 see saw seen
25 做 do did done
26 画 draw drew drawn
27 躺 lie lay lain
28 出示 show showed shown
29 去 go went gone
30 穿 wear wore worn
31 是 am ,is was been
32 是 are were been
A A C 形式
1 打,敲 beat beat beaten
A B A 形式
1 来 come came come
2 成为 become became become
3 跑 run ran run
A B B 形式
1 带来 bring brought brought
2 打架,打仗 fight fought fought
1 想 think thought thought
2 购买 buy bought bought
3 教 teach taught taught
4 捉住 catch caught caught
5 卖 sell sold sold
6 告诉 tell told told
7 说 say said said
8 付款 pay paid paid
9 派遣 send sent sent
10 把….. 借给 lend lent lent
11 花费 spend spent spent
12 建设 build built built
13 烧 burn burnt burnt
14 学 learn learnt/learned learnt/learned
15 意思 mean meant meant
16 感觉 feel felt felt
17 闻 smell smelt smelt
18 睡觉 sleep slept slept
19 扫地 sweep swept swept
20 保持 keep kept kept
21 丢失 lose lost lost
22 得到 get got got
23 做 sit sat sat
24 挖 dig dug dug
25 获胜 win won won
26 遇见 meet met met
27 有 have had had
28 制作 make made made
29 握住,举行 hold held held
30 站 stand stood stood
31 明白 understand understood understood
32 听写 hear heard heard
33 发现 find found found
34 工作 work worked worked
35 呆在 stay stayed stayed
36 发生 happen happened happened
37 喜欢 like liked liked
38 打扰 trouble troubled troubled
39 希望 hope hoped hoped
40 学习 study studied studied
41 运送 carry carried carried
42 试 try tried tried
43 哭 cry cried cried
44 担忧 worry worried worried
45 停止 stop stopped stopped
46 掉落 drop dropped dropped
47 喜欢 prefer preferred preferred
48 旅行 travel traveled traveled
49 使用 use used used
50 住 live lived lived
51 匆忙 hurry hurried hurried
52 能 can could
53 可以 may might
54 必须 must must
55 将 shall should
56 将 will would
57 挂,掉着 hang hung hung
hanged hanged
58 照耀,发光 shine shone shone
A A A 形式
1 让 let let let
2 花费,值 cost cost cost
3 放 put put put
4 读 read read read
5 切割 cut cut cut
6 击中 hit hit hit
7 伤害 hurt hurt hurt 不规则动词过去式和过去分词
A. 原型,过去式, 和 过去分词 完全不同
drink---drank----drunk ring----rang-----rung swim----swam----swum sing----sang----sung
sink----sank----sunk blow----blew----blown grow----grew----grown know---knew---known
fly ----flew----flown take----took----taken shake----shook----shaken drive----drove----driven
write---wrote---written rise---rose---risen ride----rode----ridden speak----spoke----spoken
steal----stole----stolen break----broke----broken wake----woke----woken freeze----froze----frozen
forget----forgot----forgotten choose----chose----chosen draw----drew----drawn eat----ate----eaten
fall----fell----fallen give----gave----given hide----hid----hidden see----saw----seen
do----did----done
B. 过去式与过去分词完全相同
bright----brought----brought think----thought----thought fight----fought----fought buy----bought----bought
catch----caught----caught sell----sold----sold tell----told----told say----said----said
pay----paid----paid send----sent----sent lend----lent----lent spend----spent----spent
burn----burnt----burnt learn----learnt----learnt mean----meant----meant feel----felt----felt
smell----smelt----smelt sleep----slept----slept sweep---slept----slept leave----left----left
build----built----built lose----lost----lost get----got----got meet----met----met
sit----sat----sat shoot----shot----shot lead----led----led spit----spat----spat
have----had----had hold----held----held make----made----made stand----stood---stood
hear----heard----heard find----found----found dig----dug----dug shine----shone----shone
understand----understood----understood win----won----won
C.原型与过去分词相同
come----came----come run----ran----run become----became----become
D.原形与过去式和过去分词完全相同
cast----cast----cast cut----cut----cut put----put----put let----let----let set----set----set
hit----hit----hit shut----shut----shut
hang----hung----hung 吊,挂 lie---lied---lied 说谎 lie---lay---lain 躺下,位于,平放
hanged----hanged 处绞刑 lay---laid---laid 置放。
动词 过去式
be (am\ is) was
are were
come came
go went
do (does) did
fly flew
draw drew
make made
sing sang
have (has) had
eat ate
drink drank
put put
let let
read read
can could
see saw
meet met
get got
forget forgot
take took
can could
may might
shall should
will would
know knew
begin began
bend bent
build built
spend spent
mean meant
learn learnt learned
buy bought
think thought
teach taught
catch caught
sleep slept
sweep swept
keep kept
speak spoke
ride rode
feel felt
leave left
give gave
run ran
ring rang
sit sat
swim swam
say said
stand stood
tell told
throw threw
win won
write wrote
不规则动词的过去式的构成
1.把动词原形中的i改为a,变成过去式。如:
begin—began,drink—drank,give—gave,ring—rang,sing—sang,sit—sat,swim—swam
2.把重读开音节中的i改为o,变成过去式。如:
drive—drove,ride—rode,write—wrote
3.改动词原形中的aw /ow为ew,变成过去式。如:
draw—drew,grow—grew,know—knew,throw—threw(动词show除外,show—showed)
4.动词原形中的e改为o,变成过去式。如:
get—got,forget—forgot
5.动词原形中的ee改为e,变成过去式。如:
feed—fed,meet—met
6.动词原形中的eep改为ept,变成过去式。如:
keep—kept,sleep—slept,sweep—swept
7.动词原形中的eak改为oke,变成过去式。如:
break—broke,speak—spoke
8.动词原形中的ell改为old,变成过去式。如:
sell—sold,tell—told
9.动词原形中的an改为oo,变成过去式。如:
stand—stood,understand—understood
10.以ought和aught结尾,且读音是〔 :t〕的过去式。如:
bring—brought,buy— bought,think—thought,catch—caught,teach—taught
11.以ould结尾且读音为〔ud〕的情态动词过去式。如:
can—could,shall—should,will—would
12.把动词原形中的o改为a,变成过去式。如:
come—came,become—became
13.在动词原形后加d或t变成过去式,并且发生音变。如:
hear〔hi 〕—heard〔h :d〕, say〔sei〕—said〔sed〕,mean〔mi:n〕—meant〔ment〕
14.动词的过去式与动词原形一样。如:
let—let,must—must,put—put,read—read〔red〕
15.不符合上述规律的动词过去式。如:
am,is—was,are—were,build—built,do—did,eat—ate,fall—fell,feel—felt,find—found,fly—flew,go—went,have /has— had,hold—held,leave—left,make—made,may—might,run—ran,see—saw,take—took
不规则动词过去式和过去分词巧记方法
动词的过去式和过去分词是初中英语教学中的重点,而有些动词的不规则变化是这些重点中的难点,但这些不规则变化也不是毫无规律可循的。现将初中英语中一些常用的不规则动词变化介绍如下。
一、原形、过去式和过去分词的词形和读音都相同的单词,结尾字母一般是t或d。如:
cut-cut-cut, hit-hit-hit, put-put-put, cost-cost-cost, let-let-let, shut-shut-shut, set-set-set, hurt-hurt-hurt, spread-spread-spread
特殊:动词read的过去式和过去分词虽然词形与原形一致,read-read-read,但发音分别是[ri:d]-[red]-[red]。
二、有些动词的过去分词与原形是一样的。如:
come-came-come, become-became-become, run-ran-run, overcome-overcame-overcome
三、有些动词的过去式和过去分词相同。如:
1. 把单词结尾的字母d改为t。如:
lend-lent-lent, spend-spent-spent, send-sent-sent
2. 改变单词中间元音字母。如:
sit-sat-sat, win-won-won, shine-shone-shone, hold-held-held
3. 以eep结尾的动词,把eep改为ept。如:
keep-kept-kept, sleep-slept-slept, sweep-swept-swept
4. 过去式和过去分词都以augh或ough结尾的动词。如:
buy-bought-bought, fight-fought-fought, think-thought-thought, bring-brought-brought, teach-taught-taught, catch-caught-caught
5. 有的以ay结尾的动词,在过去式和过去分词中把ay变成aid。如:
say-said-said, lay-laid-laid, pay-paid-paid
6. 另有一些其它形式的变化。如:have-had-had, learn-learnt-learnt, leave-left-left, lose-lost-lost, make-made-made, meet-met-met, feel-felt-felt
四、有些动词原形中含有字母i,在过去式中变i为a,在过去分词中变i为u。如:
五、以字母ow或aw结尾的动词,在变成过去式时,通常把元音字母变成e,在变成过去分词时,通常只在词尾加n。如:
blow- blew- blown, draw-drew-drawn, grow-grew-grown, throw-threw-thrown, know-knew-known
六、有些动词的过去分词是在原形词尾加n或en,变成以en结尾的单词。如:
rise-rose-risen, give-gave-given, take-took-taken, fall-fell-fallen, drive-drove-driven, eat-ate-eaten
特殊: write-wrote-written, speak-spoke-spoken, ride-rode-ridden, get-got-gotten